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<A href="introduction6.htm">Debugging Tools for Windows (WinDbg, KD, CDB, NTSD)</A> &gt; <A href="debugger_reference.htm">Debugger Reference</A> &gt; <A href="debugger_commands.htm">Debugger Commands</A> &gt; <A href="command_tokens.htm">Command Tokens</A> &gt; </div>
	<div id="winchm_template_title">.printf</div>
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	<div id="winchm_template_content"><div id="mainSection"><p>The <b>.printf</b> token behaves like the <b>printf</b> statement in C.</p>
<pre class="syntax"><b>.printf [/D] [</b><i>Option</i><b>] "</b><i>FormatString</i><b>" [, </b><i>Argument</i><b> , ...]</b> 
</pre>
<h2><a id="Syntax_Elements"></a><a id="syntax_elements"></a><a id="SYNTAX_ELEMENTS"></a>Syntax Elements</h2>
<p></p>
<dl>
<dt><a id="_D"></a><a id="_d"></a><b>/D</b></dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies that the format string contains <a href="#Bookmark1377">Debugger Markup Language</a> (DML).</p>
</dd>
<dt><a id="_______Option______"></a><a id="_______option______"></a><a id="_______OPTION______"></a>       <i>Option</i>      </dt>
<dd>
<p>(WinDbg only)  Specifies the type of text message that WinDbg should interpret the FormatString as.  WinDbg assigns each type of Debugger Command window message a background and text color; choosing one of these options causes the message to be displayed in the appropriate colors.  The default is to display the text as a normal-level message.  For more information on message colors and how to set them, see <a href="#Bookmark2905">View | Options</a>.</p>
<p>The following options are available.</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Option</th>
<th>Type of message</th>
<th>Title of colors in Options dialog box</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/od</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>debuggee</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Debuggee level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/oD</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>debuggee prompt</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Debuggee prompt level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/oe</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>error</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Error level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/on</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>normal</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Normal level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/op</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>prompt</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Prompt level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/oP</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>prompt registers</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Prompt registers level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/os</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>symbols</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Symbol message level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/ov</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>verbose</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Verbose level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>/ow</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>warning</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Warning level command window</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p> </p>
</dd>
<dt><a id="_______FormatString______"></a><a id="_______formatstring______"></a><a id="_______FORMATSTRING______"></a>       <i>FormatString</i>      </dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies the format string, as in <b>printf</b>.  In general, conversion characters work exactly as in C. For the floating-point conversion characters, the 64-bit argument is interpreted as a 32-bit floating-point number unless the <b>l</b>  modifier is used.</p>
<p>The %p conversion character is supported, but it represents a pointer in the target's virtual address space.  It must not have any modifiers and it uses the debugger's internal address formatting.  The following additional conversion characters are supported.</p>
<table>
<tr>
<th>Character</th>
<th>Argument type</th>
<th>Argument</th>
<th>Text printed</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%p</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>ULONG64 </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A pointer in the target's virtual address space. </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The value of the pointer. </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%N</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>DWORD_PTR (32 or 64 bits, depending on the host's architecture) </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A pointer in the host's virtual address space. </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The value of the pointer.  (This is equivalent to the standard C %p character.) </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%I</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>ULONG64 </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>Any 64-bit value. </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The specified value.  If this is greater than 0xFFFFFFFF, it is printed as a 64-bit address; otherwise it is printed as a 32-bit address.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%ma</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>ULONG64 </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The address of a NULL-terminated ASCII string in the target's virtual address space. </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The specified string.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%mu</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>ULONG64 </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The address of a NULL-terminated Unicode string in the target's virtual address space. </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The specified string.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%msa</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>ULONG64 </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The address of an ANSI_STRING structure in the target's virtual address space.</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The specified string.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%msu</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>ULONG64 </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The address of a UNICODE_STRING structure in the target's virtual address space. </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The specified string.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%y</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>ULONG64 </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The address of a debugger symbol in the target's virtual address space. </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A string containing the name of the specified symbol (and displacement, if any). </p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p>%ly</p>
</td>
<td>
<p>ULONG64 </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>The address of a debugger symbol in the target's virtual address space. </p>
</td>
<td>
<p>A string containing the name of the specified symbol (and displacement, if any), as well as any available source line information. </p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p> </p>
</dd>
<dt><a id="_______Arguments______"></a><a id="_______arguments______"></a><a id="_______ARGUMENTS______"></a>       <i>Arguments</i>      </dt>
<dd>
<p>Specifies arguments for the format string, as in <b>printf</b>. The number of arguments that are specified should match the number of conversion characters in <i>FormatString</i>. Each argument is an expression that will be evaluated by the default expression evaluator (MASM or C++). For details, see <a href="#Bookmark1917">Numerical Expression Syntax</a>.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
<h3><a id="Additional_Information"></a><a id="additional_information"></a><a id="ADDITIONAL_INFORMATION"></a>Additional Information</h3>
<p>For information about other control flow tokens and their use in debugger command programs, see <a href="#Bookmark1270">Using Debugger Command Programs</a>.</p>
<h2>Remarks</h2>
<p>The color settings that you can choose by using the <i>Options</i> parameter are by default all set to black text on a white background. To make best use of these options, you must first use <a href="#Bookmark2905">View | Options</a> to open the Options dialog box and change the color settings for Debugger Command window messages.</p>
<p>The following example shows how to include a DML tag in the format string.</p>
<div class="code"><span codelanguage="cmd"><table>
<tr>
<th>cmd</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<pre>.printf /D "Click &lt;link cmd=\".chain /D\"&gt;here&lt;/link&gt; to see extensions DLLs."</pre>
</td>
</tr>
</table></span></div><img src="images/Printf01.png" alt="Screen shot of DML link in Command Browser window"/><p>The output shown in the preceding image has a link that you can click to execute the command specified in the <code>&lt;link&gt;</code> tag. The following image shows the result of clicking the link.</p><img src="images/Printf02.png" alt="Screen shot of DML output in Command Browser window"/><p>For information about DML tags, see dml.doc in the installation folder for Debugging Tools for Windows.</p></div></div>	
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